INSTITUTE
OF GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

The Reception: +375 17 378 18 56; E-mail: office@igc.by
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LABORATORY OF CYTOPLASMIC HEREDITY

The Laboratory was established by A.N. Palilova (D.Sc. in Biology, Professor) in 1971. From 1989 to 2022, the Laboratory was under the direction of O.G. Davydenko, the Corresponding Member of NAS of Belarus. At present, the Laboratory is headed by M.G. Sinyavskaya, PhD in Biology. In 2022, the Laboratory of Potato Genetics was included in the Laboratory as a separate sector.

Laboratory staff members:

M.G. Sinyavskaya, Head of the Laboratory, PhD in Biology, Associate Professor

A.P. Ermishin, Chief Research Scientist, PhD in Biology, Professor

E.V. Voronkova, Lead Research Scientist, PhD in Biology

O.N. Gukasyan, Research Scientist

V.M. Zharich, Research Scientist

O.P. Shatarnov, Research Scientist

N.K. Zaitsev, Research Scientist

A.S. Ageeva, Junior Research Scientist

V.V. Aleksandrovich, Junior Research Scientist

A.Yu. Tomashova, Junior Research Scientist

Main directions of scientific research:

  • Investigation into the interaction between the genetic systems of the nucleus and the cytoplasm; the structural organization of barley and soybean organelle DNA using whole-genome sequencing;
  • Molecular genetic analysis of the control of a number of human diseases (exome sequencing etc.), pharmacogenomics;
  • Hybrid sunflower breeding based on CMS, soybean breeding; use of DNA markers in barley, soybean, sunflower and potato breeding;
  • Optimization of the potato breeding process based on the selection at the diploid level and ploidy manipulations; development of breeding programs for the creation of multiplex parental lines for traditional potato breeding and diploid inbred lines to obtain heterotic hybrids propagated by seeds;
  • Addressing the issues of distant interspecies potato hybridization to expand the genetic diversity of initial material and for the purposes of introgression of valuable wild species genes into it.

Main results:

  • Three new soybean varieties and five sunflower hybrids (two hybrids of the maturity group 02) grown on an industrial scale in Belarus and abroad have been formed. A model of a soybean variety for the climatic conditions of Belarus has been developed. A collection of promising soybean and sunflower source material (carrying genes for photoperiodism, resistance to abiotic stress etc.) has been compiled, studied and is being maintained. A collection of alloplasmic barley lines based on the cytoplasm of spontaneum has been compiled, studied, and is being maintained.

 

  • The main direction of research in potato genetics is related to solving the problems of selection at the diploid level ― a strategy that makes it possible to radically enhance the selection efficiency of this crop, which is considered as a basis for changing the paradigm of potato cultivation in the near future by way of switching from vegetative to sexual reproduction. Enterprising approaches to the development of diploid potato lines with a high level of fertility and the formation of unreduced gametes, self-compatibility have been proposed and implemented.

 

  • Priority results in the theory and practice of interspecific hybridization have been obtained. A new phenomenon of diploid hybrid formation in crosses between the allotetraploid wild potato species and the cultivated potato diploids by way of eliminating one of the genomes of a wild species has been discovered. Based on the theoretical developments concerning the mechanisms of pre- and postzygotic reproductive barriers in the case of interspecific potato hybridization, new and significantly more effective methods compared to the existing ones for overcoming them have been developed. Using them, it was possible, for the first time, to involve the valuable gene pool of diploid and tetraploid wild potato species from Mexico, reproductively isolated from cultivated potato, in breeding.

 

  • A collection of diploid potatoes with high tuber productivity potential, having the characteristics of a cultivated potato and carrying a wide range of disease and pest resistance genes introgressed from wild species, has been compiled. The use of collection samples allows carrying out diploid selection without restrictions associated with sterility and declined fertility, which are typical of diploid potatoes. The methodological developments and the source material obtained are used by the breeders of Belarus, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Tajikistan and Iran in their work. Four methodological guidelines approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Belarus have been published. Upon their request, three samples of diploid potatoes have been transferred to the US National Potato Gene Bank.

 

  • The studies on the ethnogenomics of Belarus, the analysis of mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome inheritance and the distribution of the alleles of genes predisposing to various diseases have been conducted for the first time in the Republic.

 

  • A number of new results in the field of molecular genetics of hereditary human diseases have been obtained. Mitochondrial diseases, the specifics of the course of liver diseases depending on the allelic composition of the patient’s genotype have been studied. The specifics of the genetic control of detoxification of various types of xenobiotics have been examined. Data on the specifics of the development of adverse reactions to medications in psychiatry depending on the patient’s genotype have been obtained. The causes of the development of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss in Belarusians have been established. Activities on the use of whole-genome DNA sequencing to study a predisposition to cardiomyopathy and pharmacogenetically resistant epilepsy have begun. Strategies to establish pathogenic mutations and select therapy methods have been developed.

 

  • Based on the research results, 19 instructions for use in medicine have been prepared and approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus. The developed methods are used at the laboratory when research on a paid basis is conducted for the population.

Publications (for the last 5 years)

Book editions:

  1. Danilenko, N. G. Mitochondrial diseases in humans (genetic basis).− Minsk: Biełaruskaja Navuka, 2022. – 364 p.
  2. Interspecific hybridization in potato breeding / A.P. Ermishin et al.; Academic editor: A.P. Ermishin; − Minsk: Biełaruskaja Navuka, 2021. – 396 p.
  3. Ermishin, A. P., Voronkova, E. V., Kozlov, V. A. Potato / In the book “Genetic bases for plant breeding” in 4 volumes, Vol. 2. Private Genetics in Plants /Academic editor A. V. Kilchevsky, L. V. Khotyleva. – 2nd edition, amended, revised and expanded − Minsk: Biełaruskaja Navuka, 2020. – P. 216-294.
  4. Davydenko, O. G., Goloenko, D. V., Rozentsveig, V. E., Aksenova, E. A. Soya / Chapter in the book “Genetic bases for plant breeding” Vol. 2 Private Genetics of Plants / Academic editor: A. V. Kilchevsky, L. V. Khotyleva. – 2nd edition, amended, revised and expanded. − Minsk: Biełaruskaja Navuka, 2020. – P.395-429.
  5. Ermishin, A. P., Voronkova, E. V., Luksha, V. I., Polyukhovich, Yu. V., Levyi, A. V., Gukasyan, O. N., Zharich, V. M. The collection of diploid potato of the Institute of Genetics and Cytology, NAS of Belarus / Institute of Genetics and Cytology, NAS of Belarus. – Minsk, 2020.− 52 p.
  6. Danilenko, N. G., Shubina-Oleinik, O. A., Merkulova, E. P., Levaya-Smolyak, N. M. The code of silence (genetic basis of hearing loss). – Minsk: Biełaruskaja Navuka, 2017. – 206 p.
  7. Ermishin, A. P., Voronkova, E.V. Biotechnology of plants and biosafety (textbook). Minsk: BSU, 2015. – 359 p.

Articles:

  1. Ermishin, A.P., Ageyeva, A.S., Voronkova, E.V., Luksha, V.I., Gukasyan, O.N., Zharich, V.M. The use of in vitro androgenesis to involve the interspecific hybrids of S. tuberosum L. with the wild allotetraploid potato species Solanum stoloniferum Schltdl et Bouchet in breeding // Biotechnology & Plant Breeding. 2024. Vol. 7(1). P. 21‒34. DOI: 10.30901/2658-6266-2024-1-o1.
  2. D. B. Belomesyatseva, E. O. Korolenya-Baranskaya, M. G. Sinyavskaya, T. G. Shabashova Gemmamyces piceae (Borthw.) Casagr. – an invasive pathogen causing the infectious blackening of buds and shoots of spruce species. // Proceedings / Institute of Experimental Botany, NAS of Belarus. – Minsk, 2024. – Issue 53: Botany (research). — P.208‒214.
  3. Application of parallel and nanopore sequencing technologies to study the structural organization of the soybean mitochondrial genome (Glycine max L. Merr.) / V.V. Aleksandrovich, M.G. Sinyavskaya // Bioinformatics of genome regulation and structure / Systems biology: 14th International Multi-Conference : Proceedings (Russia, Novosibirsk, August 5‒10, 2024) / Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk National Research State University. – Novosibirsk: Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024. — P. 1028‒1031 (English)
  4. Study of chloroplast genome variability in a collection of early maturing soybean varieties V.V. Aleksandrovich, M.G. Sinyavskaya, O.D. Levdansky, E.A. Mishuk etc. // AgroScience. ‒ 2023. ‒ Vol. 1, No. 2.‒ P.81‒88.
  5. V.V. Karmanova, T.G. Shabashova, Yu.G. Giginyak, M.G. Sinyavskaya Species micromycete composition of “Progress”, “Gora Vechernyaya” and “Novolazorevskaya” stations (East Antarctica) // Izvestiya of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Biological Sciences Series. — Vol. 68, No. 2 (2023). — P. 114–123 https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-114-123 RSCI
  6. Karmanova, V. V., Shabashova, T. G., Giginyak, Y. G., & Sinyavskaya, M. G. Features of the species composition of fungi on plant and animal substrates of the Progress station (East Antarctica) // Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, 1, (2023).—P.41–46. https://doi.org/10.33581/2957-5060-2023-1-41-46
  7. Obedkov, V., Goloenko, I., Bokut O., Dokukina, T., Golubeva, T., Tishkevich, L., Khodzhaev, A. Genetic markers of pharmacokinetic features in patients with severe schizophrenia, resistant to antipsychotic therapy // Nauka & Innovatsii. 2023. No. 7. P. 78-83.
  8. Ermishin, A. P., Levyi, A. V., Ageeva, A. S., Voronkova, E. V., Luksha, V. I., Gukasyan, O. N., Zharich, V. M. Specifics of the transfer of DNA markers of wild allotetraploid potato Solanum stoloniferum genes into the genome of cultivated potato depending on their subgenomic affiliation and the introgression schemes used // Genetics. 2023. Vol. 59, No. 7, P.741-754.
  9. Vaikhanskaya, T. G., Sivitskaya, L. N., Levdansky O. D., Kurushko, T. V., Danilenko, N. G. Non-compaction and dilated cardiomyopathy: genotype-phenotype and prognostic differences // The Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2022. Vol. 27, No. 10. P. 40-56.
  10. Gavrilenko, T. A.; Pendinen, G. I.; Yermishin, A. P. GISH analysis of the introgression of the B subgenome genetic material of wild allotetraploid species Solanum stoloniferum into backcrossing progenies with potato // Agronomy 2022, V. 12, publ. 787 (P. 1-12).
  11. Lukashik, S. P., Karpov, I. A., Sinyavskaya, M. V., Danilenko, N. G., Davydenko, O. G., Krasko, O. V. Specifics of chronic infection caused by hepatitis C virus in patients with the UGT1A1*28 allele// Clinical Infectology & Parasitology. 2022. V.11, No. 1. P. 52-59.
  12. Sivitskaya, L., Vaikhanskaya, T., Danilenko, N., Liaudanski, A., Davydenko, O., Zhelev, N. New Deletion in LAMP2 Causing Familial Danon Disease. Effect of X-Chromosome Inactivation. Folia Medica. 2022. V.64. P. 853-862.
  13. Ivanova, A., Kulikova, S., Sivitskaya, L., Danilenko, N., Davydenko, O. A patient with Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration: a New Missense Mutation of the WDR45 gene // The Journal of Epileptology. 2022. 30. 10.2478/joepi-2022-0001.
  14. Wajda, A., Sivitskaya, L., Paradowska-Gorycka, A. Application of NGS technology in understanding the pathology of autoimmune diseases. // J. Clin. Med. 2021. 10.  P. 3334
  15. Ivanova, A. S., Sivitskaya, L. N., Kulikova, S. L., Levdansky, O. D., Davydenko, O. G. Use of massive parallel DNA sequencing for the diagnostics of drug-resistant epilepsy in children. Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 2021; 39(4):35–38.
  16. Kondratenko, A. S., Danilenko, N. G., Goloenko, I. M., Skugarevsky, O. A., Marshe, V., Kennedi, D. L., Davydenko, O. G. Association between the COMT, DRD2/ANKK1, MTHFR, MIR137 DNMT3B gene polymorphism and the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia during the acute period and in remission // Proceedings of NAS of Belarus. 2021, Vol. 65, No. 1, P. 76–86.
  17. Goloenko, I. M., Obedkov, V. G., Gorgun, O. V., Levdansky, O. D., Davydenko, O. G. Analysis of the quantitative distribution of risk genotypes of drug-induced extrapyramidal complications in patients with schizophrenia // Medical Genetics. 2020. Vol.19, No. 4. P. 22-23.
  18. Rozentsveig, V. E., Aksenova, E. A., Goloenko, D. V., Shablinskaya, O. V., Shatarnov, O. P., Shatarnova, T. M., Davydenko,O. G. Model of a drought-resistant soybean variety for the climatic conditions of Belarus // Molecular & Applied Genetics: Proceedings. – Minsk: Institute of Genetics and Cytology, NAS of Belarus, 2020. – Vol. 28. – P.15-25.
  19. Siniauskaya, M.G., Makarevich, A.M., Goloenko, I.M., Pankratov, V.S., Liaudanski, A.D., Danilenko, N.G., Lukhanina, N.V., Shimkevich, A.M., Davydenko, O.G. The study of organelle DNA variability in alloplasmic barley lines in the NGS era // Vavilov Journal of Genetics & Breeding. 2020. Vol. 24, No.1. P.12-19.
  20. Kapitau, A., Goloenko, I., Obyedkov, V., Pavlov, K., Szajdac, S.D., Waszkiewicz, N. Serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) determines progredience of alcohol dependence in Belarusian young males //Advances in Medical Science. 2019. V.64, No.1. P.169-173.
  21. Vaikhanskaya, T. G., Sivitskaya, L. N., Kurushko, T. V., Levdansky, O. D., Danilenko, N. G. Dilated cardiomyopathy: a new vision of the problem // The Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2019. No. 4. P.35-47.

Taking Part in Conferences:

Laboratory members take part in republican and international scientific conferences, congresses and symposiums, including oral sectional and plenary reports.

Doctoral dissertations, PhD dissertations, master’s theses, diploma theses, course papers:

The training of scientific personnel is actively carried out at the Laboratory. Annually, several students of the Biology Department of the Belarusian State University undergo practical training and prepare course papers and diploma theses. More than 20 PhD dissertations have been successfully defended at the Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Heredity and Potato Genetics; a doctoral dissertation (E. V. Voronkova) has been prepared for defense.

Patents:

At the Laboratory, three soya varieties and five sunflower hybrids have been bred and protected by patents; seven patens and inventor’s certificates have been obtained.

Awards, grants:

On more than one occasion, a number of Laboratory members have been awarded the Certificates of Appreciation of the Belarusian Society of Geneticists and Breeders, the Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, the Presidium of NAS of Belarus, the Belarusian State University, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Belarus, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus and other ministries and departments.

27 Akademicheskaya St.
220072 Minsk
Belarus