Genetic tests can examine the variants of genes associated with drug metabolism and their reaction in the body. For example, for antipsychotics, such genes as CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 may be important as they code enzymes responsible for the processing of these drugs. The gene variations affect the activity of these enzymes, which can lead to different metabolic rates and drug efficacy.
One practical application of genetic testing is to establish whether a patient is a “slow metabolizer” or a “fast metabolizer” of drugs. Based on this information, the doctor can consider a more individualized approach to prescribing a dose or choosing a specific drug.
The established genetic causes of low tolerance and inefficacy of antipsychotics and antidepressants may be various mutations in the genes of metabolic enzymes, receptors and neurotransmitter transporters. To reduce the risk of severe side-effects and select effective drugs, it is necessary to conduct a molecular analysis of the most common mutations in the genes CYP2D6 (locus rs3892097 of the cytochrome P450 gene); GSTM1 and GSTT1 (deletions in the genes of glutathione S-transferases mu 1 and theta 1); MDR1 (locus rs1045642 of the P-glycoprotein gene); and DRD2 (locus rs1800497 of the dopamine receptor gene).
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27 Akademicheskaya St.
220072 Minsk
Belarus
